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Website
Houghton Mifflin Harcourt

Harcourt: Biographies: Meriwether Lewis

For Students 6th - 8th
A biography of Meriwether Lewis, the man in charge of one of the great expeditions of the United States. (In Spanish)
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Lesson Plan
Harry S. Truman Library and Museum

The Trumpet Club: The Birchbark House

For Teachers 3rd - 8th
Come and check out this informative site featuring the book "Birchbark House," by Louise Erdrich. This site provides a plot summary, discussion of settings and characterizations, and a class project idea.
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Lesson Plan
National Endowment for the Humanities

Neh: Edsit Ement: If You Were a Pioneer on the Oregon Trail

For Teachers 3rd - 5th
Lesson plans that introduce the Oregon Trail to students and guide them into an activity where they create a personal narrative describing their journey out west. Provides a link to an excellent site that details many aspects of the...
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Primary
Internet History Sourcebooks Project

Fordham University: Modern History Sourcebook: Frederick Jackson Turner

For Students 9th - 10th
This site from the Fordham University contains the introductory text of "The Significance of the Frontier in American History, 1893" by Frederick Jackson Turner.
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Handout
University of Colorado

University of Colorado: Academic Integrity Seminar: Frontier and American Character

For Students 9th - 10th
This website is the reproduction of Ray Allen Billington's essay, "How the Frontier Shaped the American Character," (published in "American Heritage, The Magazine of History" in 1958). Billington analyzes the Turner frontier thesis in...
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Handout
Wikimedia

Wikipedia: Kansas Nebraska Act

For Students 9th - 10th
Wikipedia offers excellent information on the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854.
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Unit Plan
Polk Brothers Foundation Center for Urban Education at DePaul University

De Paul University: Center for Urban Education: Letter to Grandmother [Pdf]

For Teachers 2nd - 3rd
"Letter to Grandmother" is a one page, fictional, reading passage about a family of early settlers who moved west. A girl writes a letter to her grandmother telling her about their new life on the plains. It is followed by...
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Unit Plan
Polk Brothers Foundation Center for Urban Education at DePaul University

De Paul University: Center for Urban Education: Letter to Grandmother [Pdf]

For Teachers 6th
"Letter to Grandmother" is a one page, fictional, reading passage about a family of early settlers who moved west. A boy writes a letter to his grandmother telling her about their new life on the plains. It is followed by...
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Unit Plan
Polk Brothers Foundation Center for Urban Education at DePaul University

De Paul University: Center for Urban Education: The Difficult Journey [Pdf]

For Teachers 8th
"The Difficult Journey" is a one page, fictional, reading passage about the hardships of a family of early settlers moving West in a wagon train. It is followed by constructed-response questions which require students to provide evidence...
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Unit Plan
Polk Brothers Foundation Center for Urban Education at DePaul University

De Paul University: Center for Urban Education: The Gulls of Salt Lake [Pdf]

For Teachers 8th
"The Gulls of Salt Lake" is a one page, fictional, reading passage about a group of early settlers who had endured the hardships of traveling west and planted crops in the fertile soid, only to be invaded by swarms of crickets. Just when...
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Unit Plan
Polk Brothers Foundation Center for Urban Education at DePaul University

De Paul University: Center for Urban Education: Settlement [Pdf]

For Teachers 4th
"Settlement" is a one page, nonfiction, reading passage about the problems of the early settlers in the prairie. It is followed by constructed-response questions which require students to provide evidence from the story; it includes:...
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Unit Plan
Polk Brothers Foundation Center for Urban Education at DePaul University

De Paul University: Center for Urban Education: Settlement [Pdf]

For Teachers 5th
"Settlement" is a one page, nonfiction, reading passage about the hardships of early settlers in the prairie. It is followed by questions which require students to provide evidence from the story; it includes: determining main idea and...
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Unit Plan
Houghton Mifflin Harcourt

Harcourt: School Publishers: Join a Cattle Drive

For Students 3rd - 6th
At this site take a look at maps of cattle drives from the ranches and ranges of Texas to the market places in Kansas, Nebraska, Colorado and Wyoming.
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Handout
PBS

Pbs: The West: Frederick Jackson Turner (1861 1932)

For Students 9th - 10th
This PBS website provides a brief biographical sketch of Frederick Jackson Turner, and an overview of his theory regarding the significance of the American western frontier as the defining experience in the development of the American...
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Primary
PBS

The West: Documents on the Sand Creek Massacre

For Students 9th - 10th
Contains the text of documents on the Sand Creek Massacre, including two editorials from the Rocky Mountain News, Congressional testimony by John S. Smith, and a deposition by John M. Chivington
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Activity
PBS

Pbs: Events in the West: 1800 1820

For Students 9th - 10th
A comprehensive site on the development and history of the American West. In timeline fashion, this page details the events leading up to the Louisiana Purchase and the Lewis and Clark Expedition. It continues with information about...
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Website
PBS

Pbs: Homes on the Prairie

For Students 3rd - 5th
A complete description of the prairie and how it changed as people began to settle there. Click on the links after the text to take you to the next page.
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Activity
PBS

Pbs: Lewis and Clark: Into the Unknown

For Students 3rd - 8th
On April 7, 1805, the Corps of Discovery left Fort Mandan and headed west. On their maps, the land that Lewis and Clark was headed for was indicated by a vast, blank space and the word, "Unknown". This is where this journey INTO THE...
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Activity
Curated OER

National Park Service: Fort Scott National Historic Site: The Mexican War

For Students 9th - 10th
This is a very brief overview of the Mexican War, organized into the following sections: "Zachary Taylor's Army," "The Army of the West," and "Invasion of Mexico City." Includes links to related articles and websites.
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Activity
Other

Historic Trails: Oregon/california Trails

For Students 3rd - 8th
Find a map of the Oregon Trail and California Trail and click Historical Trails tab to discover the hardships and daily grind of traveling on the Oregon Trail.
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Handout
Other

The Great Plains in Midwestern Culture

For Students 9th - 10th
Discusses the history of the people on the Great Plains, both the Native Americans and early settlers.
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Handout
US Geological Survey

Usgs: The Four Great Surveys of the West

For Students 9th - 10th
This site provides historic images of the expanding frontier taken by military and private citizens from 1861-1912.
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eBook
University of Michigan

Making of America: Kanzas and Nebraska

For Students 9th - 10th
This University of Michigan site provides the full text of "Kanzas and Nebraska," written by Edward Everett Hale. The book gives the history, geographical, and physical characteristics of these territories, as well as an account of the...
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Primary
Mount Holyoke College

Hippo Campus: Excerpt From "The Significance of the Frontier in American History"

For Students 9th - 10th
Read an excerpt from "The Significance of the Frontier in American History" by Frederick Jackson Turner.

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