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Digital Public Library of America

Dpla: Torn in Two: Mapping the American Civil War

For Students 9th - 10th
This exhibition tells the story of the American Civil War both nationally and locally in Boston, Massachusetts, through maps, documents, letters, and other primary sources.
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Primary
Digital Public Library of America

Dpla: Staking Claims: The Gold Rush in Nineteenth Century America

For Students 9th - 10th
This exhibition explores the Gold Rush, a group of related gold rushes to Western territories in the second half of the nineteenth century, and its impact on American history and culture.
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Website
National Humanities Center

National Humanities Center: Toolbox Library: The Triumph of Nationalism: House Dividing: America, 1815 1850

For Teachers 9th - 10th
A collection of forty-four primary resources including historical documents, literary texts, visual images, and maps, illuminated and contextualized by notes, thematic questions, and text-specific discussion questions for classroom...
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Primary
National Humanities Center

National Humanities Center: Toolbox Library: Lewis Cass: Triumph of Nationalism: America, 1815 1850

For Students 9th - 10th
An argument by the Michigan Territorial governor, Lewis Cass, that claimed state laws superseded the rights claimed by Native American tribes like the Cherokee.
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Primary
National Humanities Center

National Humanities Center: Toolbox Library: James G. Baldwin: Triumph of Nationalism: America, 1815 1850

For Students 9th - 10th
An essay that describes the exuberant life of a frontier society with all its corruption, violence, vitality, and opportunity.
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Primary
National Humanities Center

National Humanities Center: Toolbox Library: Henry David Thoreau: Civil Disobedience: 1848

For Students 9th - 10th
Thoreau's essay that calls for citizens to break unjust laws, particularly those promoting the continuation and expansion of slavery.
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Handout
University of Groningen

American History: Outlines: A Divided Nation

For Students 9th - 10th
This page from the American Revolution Project of the University of Groningen discusses how the 1850s were a time of conflicting ideas between North and South regarding the expansion of slavery. Scroll down to the third paragraph and...
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Primary
Library of Congress

Loc: Nation Expansion and Reform: Traveling on the Overland Trails, 1843 1860

For Students 9th - 10th
Primary source information about traveling the Overland Trails, both to Oregon Country and California.
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Website
Houghton Mifflin Harcourt

Harcourt: Biographies: Meriwether Lewis 1774 1809

For Students 3rd - 8th
A biography of Meriwether Lewis and information about his exploration of the Louisiana Territory that led to the development of the American West. Includes several maps.
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Website
Houghton Mifflin Harcourt

Harcourt: Biographies: Meriwether Lewis

For Students 6th - 8th
A biography of Meriwether Lewis, the man in charge of one of the great expeditions of the United States. (In Spanish)
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Lesson Plan
Harry S. Truman Library and Museum

The Trumpet Club: The Birchbark House

For Teachers 3rd - 8th
Come and check out this informative site featuring the book "Birchbark House," by Louise Erdrich. This site provides a plot summary, discussion of settings and characterizations, and a class project idea.
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Lesson Plan
National Endowment for the Humanities

Neh: Edsit Ement: If You Were a Pioneer on the Oregon Trail

For Teachers 3rd - 5th
Lesson plans that introduce the Oregon Trail to students and guide them into an activity where they create a personal narrative describing their journey out west. Provides a link to an excellent site that details many aspects of the...
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eBook
University of Groningen

American History: Essays: The Seeds of Empirebuilding

For Students 9th - 10th
Essay on European-American westward expansion and the conflict new settlement created with Native Americans. Author describes the development of a hierarchical structure in which indigenous peoples were exploited and unprotected.
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Handout
University of Groningen

American History: Outlines: The Last Frontier

For Students 9th - 10th
Describes the various forces and events that shaped the expansion of the western frontier in the mid- to late 1800s.
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Primary
Internet History Sourcebooks Project

Fordham University: Modern History Sourcebook: Frederick Jackson Turner

For Students 9th - 10th
This site from the Fordham University contains the introductory text of "The Significance of the Frontier in American History, 1893" by Frederick Jackson Turner.
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Website
University of Groningen

American History: Outlines: Building Unity

For Students 9th - 10th
Outline of the U.S. and the quest for unity in the early 1800s. Article briefly chronicles events such as the War of 1812 as well as political and economic decisions that created a united America separate from Britain.
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Website
Digital History

Digital History: Conquering Space

For Students 9th - 10th
A good review of how the rise of nationalism led to western expansion, support for federal funds to build infrastructure, and the protection of new American industry.
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Unit Plan
Scholastic

Scholastic History Mystery: Westward Migration: The Santa Fe Trail

For Teachers 3rd - 8th
Students try to guess the mystery subject Carlotta Facts, the History Mystery Museum's professor, is studying. They read the clues, do some online and offline research, and then attempt to identify the game's mystery place, The Santa Fe...
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Handout
University of Colorado

University of Colorado: Academic Integrity Seminar: Frontier and American Character

For Students 9th - 10th
This website is the reproduction of Ray Allen Billington's essay, "How the Frontier Shaped the American Character," (published in "American Heritage, The Magazine of History" in 1958). Billington analyzes the Turner frontier thesis in...
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PBS

Wgbh/pbs: Westward Expansion 1860 1890

For Students 9th - 10th
Many changes across the country during the westward expansion were features that could be captured on a map. Review this map and select characteristics to be illustrated. Characteristics such as population, major cities, railroads, and...
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Lesson Plan
Smithsonian Institution

Smithsonian Education: Art to Zoo What Can You Do With a Portrait?

For Teachers 3rd - 8th
This is the very first published issue of Art to Zoo. Unlike later issues, it features three separate topics instead of one larger theme. In this issue you can find information and resources for teaching westward expansion and its impact...
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Handout
Wikimedia

Wikipedia: Kansas Nebraska Act

For Students 9th - 10th
Wikipedia offers excellent information on the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854.
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Unit Plan
Polk Brothers Foundation Center for Urban Education at DePaul University

De Paul University: Center for Urban Education: Letter to Grandmother [Pdf]

For Teachers 2nd - 3rd
"Letter to Grandmother" is a one page, fictional, reading passage about a family of early settlers who moved west. A girl writes a letter to her grandmother telling her about their new life on the plains. It is followed by...
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Unit Plan
Polk Brothers Foundation Center for Urban Education at DePaul University

De Paul University: Center for Urban Education: Letter to Grandmother [Pdf]

For Teachers 6th
"Letter to Grandmother" is a one page, fictional, reading passage about a family of early settlers who moved west. A boy writes a letter to his grandmother telling her about their new life on the plains. It is followed by...