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Primary
National Humanities Center

National Humanities Center: Toolbox Library: Failed Colonies, American Beginnings: 1492 1690

For Students 9th - 10th
Three European accounts of the disappointments, challenges, and outright failures to establish early successful colonial outposts in North America.
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Unit Plan
National Humanities Center

National Humanities Center: Toolbox Library: Slave Trade, American Beginnings: 1492 1690

For Students 9th - 10th
A West African map and three accounts of the development of slave acquisition display the process and the brutality of the Atlantic slave trade.
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Primary
National Humanities Center

National Humanities Center: Toolbox Library: First Arrivals, American Beginnings: 1492 1690

For Students 9th - 10th
Numerous visual images of artifacts from English settlements at Jamestown and at Plymouth, and from Spanish settlement in Hispaniola, and three original accounts of each of those early settlements that describe the possibilities and the...
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Primary
National Humanities Center

National Humanities Center: Toolbox Library: Hardships, American Beginnings: 1492 1690

For Teachers 9th - 10th
Three English, a French, and a Spanish primary account of the staggering losses, misery, and deprivation that characterized early European settlement as well as the resilience needed to overcome those challenges.
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Unit Plan
National Humanities Center

National Humanities Center: Toolbox Library: Enslaved Peoples, American Beginnings: 1492 1690

For Teachers 9th - 10th
Two Spanish accounts of enslaved Indians in the Caribbean and enslaved Africans in Mexico and statements of the difficulty of maintaining slavery and the lurking threat of a slave revolt.
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Primary
National Humanities Center

National Humanities Center: Toolbox Library: English I, American Beginnings: 1492 1690

For Teachers 9th - 10th
Portraits of early New Englanders as well as four buildings from seventeenth-century New England that accompany accounts in those British colonies of struggles, Indian hostilities, and economic success.
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Primary
National Humanities Center

National Humanities Center: Toolbox Library: English Ii, American Beginnings: 1492 1690

For Students 9th - 10th
Three seventeenth-century homes in Pennsylvania and New York and three accounts from those English colonies of the factors leading to prosperity and permanence.
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Primary
National Humanities Center

National Humanities Center: Toolbox Library: English Iii, American Beginnings: 1492 1690

For Students 9th - 10th
Three seventeenth-century buildings, two portraits, and three original accounts from Virginia and the Carolinas about the qualities and conditions of life in these southern English colonies that led to success and growth.
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Primary
National Humanities Center

National Humanities Center: Toolbox Library: Servitude, American Beginnings: 1492 1690

For Students 9th - 10th
Two examples of indenture contracts and three accounts of indentured servitude, including positive as well as admonitory views, in the Chesapeake English colonies.
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Primary
National Humanities Center

National Humanities Center: Toolbox Library: Rivalry Iii, American Beginnings: 1492 1690

For Students 9th - 10th
Two maps of English and French rivalries in North America, and two side-by-side accounts of the English and French perspectives on King William's war over power, trade, and economic dominance of the continent.
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Graphic
Curated OER

Bacon's Epitaph, Ca. 1676

For Students 9th - 10th
Five documents that examine a range of reactions to colonial rebellion and associated resistance to royal authority in English colonies in Barbados, Virginia, and Massachusetts.