Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: Of Generals and Soldiers
Many of the generals on both sides of the Civil War were friends and acquaintances because of their service in the Mexican War. Read about some of these generals and see on which side they fought and why.
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: A House Divided
A very brief overview of the Civil War, the casualties, and the horrific social and economic effects across the nation. Included is a map that shows when each Southern state seceded from the Uniion.
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: From Uneasy Peace to Bitter Conflict
A brief overview of what was in store for the United States after the controversial Dred Scott decision.
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: Politics and the New Nation
A brief overview of how the United States would change during the Age of Jackson and Jacksonian democracy.
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: The Second War for American Independence
The War of 1812 has been called the Second War of Independence. Find out about one of the causes of the war, and read about the possible plans for secession by the New England states, which opposed the war.
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: Native Resistance in the Trans Appalachian West
This site gives a brief look at the Indian alliance built by Tecumseh to confront the U.S. military which wanted to protect the settlers moving west into Indian territory.
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: Diplomatic Challenges in an Age of European War
Both the British and French challenged American sovereignty and neutrality on the high seas. Read about the solution favored by Thomas Jefferson, but despised by the American shippers. See why this a cause of the War of 1812, along with...
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: Exploration: Lewis and Clark
A very brief overview of the Lewis and Clark expedition, focusing on the beginning and western terminus of the trip.
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U.s. History: The Expanding Republic and the War of 1812
A brief overview of the Jeffersonian Era up through the War of 1812.
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: A New National Capital: Washington, d.c.
John Adams was the first president to reside in the President's House in the new capital Washington, D.C. Thomas Jefferson was the first president to be inaugurated there. Read about how this swampy area became the location of the...
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: The Adams Presidency
John Adams faced opposition within his own administration. See who caused him problems at home, and read about the deteriorating relationship with France.
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: Trans Atlantic Crisis: The French Revolution
A look at the French Revolution and how it was interpreted by members of the ruling members in the new United States. What occurred in France tempered the way politic opposites viewed each other in America.
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U.s. History: George Washington
A brief overview of George Washington and his importance to the success of the new nation, the United States.
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: A Revolution in Social Law
Being able to own land and having land availble to own brought about great change in the new American nation. Read about how this came about and why it reflected new republican ideals. See what other changes were reflected in new state...
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: The Stamp Act Congress
Read about how the colonies were discovering that they had more clout by acting together than acting as individual colonies. The Stamp Act Congress and the resulting Stamp Act Resolves helped them band together to resist the acts passed...
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: The March to Germantown 1777
This site from US History.org provides a brief description of the British capture of Philadelphia and The Continental Army's defeat at nearby Germantown, Pennsylvania.
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: The Battle of Germantown
This site gives the story of The Battle of Germantown between the Revolutionary and British forces.
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: Edmund Randolph
Ushistory.org provides this biography of Edmund Randolph includes highlights of his political career and his role during the Constitutional Convention. Randolph went on to serve as Secretary of State.
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: New Dimensions in Everyday Life
A brief overview of the changes brought about because of the United States becoming more urban. Read about the attention to social reforms, the introduction of professional sports, and the ability to take part in leisure activities.
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: Artistic and Literary Trends
The arts blossomed in the Gilded Age, aided by the wealth of the business tycoons. Read about the artists who flourished at the time, along with the realism in literature that ranged from poetry to novels.
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: Religious Revival: The "Social Gospel"
Social reform and teaching in the church which reflected social reform joined forces in latter part of the 19th century. Read about how an urban revivalist movement addressed such problems as poverty, child labor, and working conditions.
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: Closing the Frontier
A brief look at the conflict between Native Americans in the last half of the 19th century. By the end of the century, Native Americans were relegated to reservation life. See how the struggle was fought and find out the advantages of...
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: The Treaty of Paris (1763) and Its Impact
Find out about the terms of the Treaty of Paris, 1763, which brought an end to the French and Indian War. See how Spain fit into the treaty and read about the colonists' views of the British soldiers at the end of the war.
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: The Print Revolution
As the American population became more literate, there was more available to read. See how newspapers adapted to the thirst for news and other topics, and read about the new magazines that reached a reading public.