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Handout
Forum Romanum

Outlines of Roman History: Reorganization of the Kingdom

For Students 9th - 10th
This chapter in William Morey's 1901 textbook discusses the roforms made by the Etruscan kings and the introduction of the tension between Roman patricians and plebeians.
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Handout
Forum Romanum

Outlines of Roman History: Struggle Against the Kingship

For Students 9th - 10th
The Romans cast off their Etruscan kings and create a new Republic, incorporating many of the governmental ideas from the Etruscans into their new government.
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Handout
Forum Romanum

Outlines of Roman History: Grievances of the Plebs

For Students 9th - 10th
William Morey explains the tension between the Roman aristocracy, the patricians, and the plebeians with the establishment of the Republic. The First Secession of the plebeians brings some relief.
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Handout
Forum Romanum

Outlines of Roman History: Second Secession and Its Results

For Students 9th - 10th
Read about how the patricians finally understand the importance of the plebeians, who are then granted the right to pass laws for all and to intermarry with patricians.
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Handout
Forum Romanum

Outlines of Roman History: The Contest for the Consulship

For Students 9th - 10th
The Roman Republic continues to evolve, incorporating plebeians into the government. New offices are added to the government in an attempt to keep both the patricians and plebeians satisfied.
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Handout
Forum Romanum

Outlines of Roman History: Equalization of the Orders

For Students 9th - 10th
This article shows how, through debt, agrarian, and legislative reform, the patricians and plebeians finally form a united citizenship.
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Handout
Forum Romanum

Outlines of Roman History: Roman Government

For Students 9th - 10th
Find out how Rome evolves from a democratic republic to a government controlled essentially by the wealthy. It works for a long time.
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Handout
Forum Romanum

Outlines of Roman History: Times of the Gracchi: Causes of Civil Strife

For Students 9th - 10th
In a chapter from William Morey's 1901 textbook, he explains the make-up of the Roman populus at the beginning of the Late Republic.
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Website
Steven Kreis, PhD

The History Guide:republican Rome Struggle of the Orders

For Students 9th - 10th
This site from The History Guide provides a comprehensive discussion on the struggle of the orders, the conflict between the plebeians and patricians of the early Roman Republic.
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Handout
Vroma Project

V Roma Project: Notes on Roman Politics

For Students 9th - 10th
An overview of several aspects of Roman politics, including terms and definitions of social classes. This page was created by Barbara F. McManus of The College of New Rochelle.
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Handout
Vroma Project

V Roma Project: Roman Cursus Honorum: Political Offices in the Roman Republic

For Students 9th - 10th
The cursus honorum - the various political offices, ranks, and duties of the Roman Republic - are discussed. This page was created by Barbara F. McManus of the College of New Rochelle.
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Handout
World History Encyclopedia

World History Encyclopedia: Aedile

For Students 9th - 10th
Encyclopedia entry with illustrations and timeline describes the role of Aedile in the Roman Republic.
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Activity
Constitutional Rights Foundation

Constitutional Rights Foundation: When Roman Law Ruled the Western World

For Students 9th - 10th
A history of Roman law, culture and the development of Western European law codes. Includes questions for writing and discussion, small group activity and links to further reading.
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Lesson Plan
Discovery Education

Discovery Education: Rome's Rise to Power: The Republic

For Teachers 9th - 10th
A detailed lesson plan designed to teach students about the republican form of government established by the Romans in their early history and also how it relates to American government today.
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Handout
Other

"A Well Trimmed Ship", the Republican Legacy of Polybius

For Students 9th - 10th
A two-part paper, the first of which is a biography of Polybius, a Greek, who wrote a history of the Roman Republic. The second part discusses his work and his admiration of Roman virtues and the government of the Roman Republic.
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Handout
Stephen Byrne

History for Kids: Roman Government

For Students 2nd - 7th
History for Kids provides an overview of government in all its forms throughout early Roman history. Students learn about Roman Monarchy, Republic and Empire.