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Lesson Plan
Library of Virginia

Virginia Memory: Freedom Is Worth Fighting For: Billy and James

For Teachers 9th - 10th
This lesson looks at the choices created during the Revolutionary War for enslaved African Americans in Virginia.
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Article
Virginia Historical Society

Virginia Historical Society: Waging War: The Battlefront: Men of Color to Arms?

For Students 9th - 10th
When the war began, many African Americans - North and South - volunteered to serve as soldiers. The vast majority were former slaves who sought to strike at slavery and improve their position in society. Desperate to avert defeat, the...
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Handout
Black Past

Black Past: Brace, Jeffrey (1742? 1827)

For Students 9th - 10th
Read about the slave, Jeffrey Brace, who enlisted in the Continental Army. Find out what happened to him and his family after the Revolutionary War.
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Handout
Black Past

Black Past: Poor, Salem (1747 1780)

For Students 9th - 10th
Read this encyclopedia entry that recounts the participation of Salem Poor, a freed black man, who served in the Revolutionary War.
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Handout
Black Past

Black Past: Salem, Peter (Ca. 1750 1816)

For Students 9th - 10th
An encyclopedia entry telling about Peter Salem, a slave who fought in the Revolutionary War and reportedly fired the shot that killed Major Pitcairn at Bunker Hill.
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Handout
The History Cat

The History Cat: Us History: The Buffalo Soldiers

For Students 9th - 10th
Describes the history of the Buffalo Soldiers, African Americans who served in four Calvary peacetime units in the 19th and 20th centuries. Highlights the experiences of Emanuel Stance, a freed slave who joined the military in 1866.