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Website
Texas A&M University

Sons of Dewitt Colony Texas: Mexican Independence

For Students 9th - 10th
Website devoted to the regional history of Texas discusses significant historical figures and events of Mexican Independence.
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Handout
Texas A&M University

Sons of De Witt Colony Texas: Manuel De Mier Y Teran

For Students 9th - 10th
A very long and detailed site from Texas A&M University with information on the military and political life of Manuel de Mier y Teran, "tragic friend and last hope for Mexican Texas."
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eBook
OpenStax

Open Stax: The Impact of Expansion on Chinese Immigrants and Hispanic Citizens

For Students 11th - 12th
As white populations moved westward in the 19th century, Chinese immigrants and Hispanic Americans faced racism and discrimination and were unable to compete on an equal basis for land. Eventually, both groups settled into urban areas...
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Unit Plan
The Newberry Library

Newberry Library: Caste and Politics in the Struggle for Mexican Independence

For Students 9th - 10th
examines the social conditions in Mexico before and after independence from Spain and the impact of internal conflicts between people of different social castes.
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Handout
History of American Wars

History of American Wars: Mexican American Culture Differences

For Students 9th - 10th
Describes the structure of Mexican society in the 19th century and the cultural clashes that resulted in their dealings with Americans in Texas.
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Website
PBS

Pbs: Prelude to War: Trade Routes Between Usa and Mexico

For Students 9th - 10th
An examination of the historical background of the trade and commerce routes between early national Mexico and the United States.
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Website
Other

American Girl: Josephina: A Hispanic Girl

For Students Pre-K - 1st
Meet Josepina, a character in the American Girl series, and learn about Spanish culture and the settlement of America's Southwestern frontier through this collection of stories, games, and activities. Also, includes teacher's guide and...
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Handout
PBS

The Border: 1821 Mexican Independence From Spain

For Students 9th - 10th
A brief recounting of the way Mexico was able to gain its independence from Spain. From PBS.
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Handout
Texas State Library and Archives Commission

Texas State Library and Archives Commission: Hard Road to Texas 1836 1845: Spanish Texas

For Students 9th - 10th
Texas was home to a "clash of three European empires" long before it became part of the United States. How did the Spanish claim Texas, and how was Spain outed by the Mexicans? Read about it all in this article, and check out related...
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Website
Digital History

Digital History: Impact of the Mexican Revolution

For Students 9th - 10th
Seee how Mexico's independence from Spain affected not only the Mexicans who lived in California, but also the native population, and the white Americans.
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Website
Digital History

Digital History: Spanish America

For Students 9th - 10th
Read about Spanish influence in the northern part of its empire in America. See what American cowboys borrowed from the vaqueros, and how Spanish architecture came to spread across the Southwest.
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Website
Digital History

Digital History: Zorro: Ficton and Fact

For Students 9th - 10th
Read about the popularization of Zorro and his swashbuckling protection of the poor and weak. See the exploits of real life Zorros who lived in Spanish America.