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Handout
Forum Romanum

Outlines of Roman History: Civil War Between Pompey and Caesar

For Students 9th - 10th
William Morey, in his 1901 textbook, explains in this passage the conflict between Pompey and Caesar that rages across the Roman provinces.
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Website
National Geographic

National Geographic: 49 Bce: Caesar Crosses the Rubicon

For Students 9th - 10th
"Crossing the Rubicon" is a modern-day idiom meaning to commit to a particular plan or course of action that cannot be reversed. The phrase refers to how Julius Caesar crossed the Rubicon river and became embroiled in civil war in 49...