Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: New England Colonies: Dissent in Massachusetts Bay
The Puritan clergy in Massachusetts Bay colony did not allow religious dissent. Read about the fate of colonists Anne Hutchinson and Roger Williams who believed in religious freedom.
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U.s. History: Victorian Values in a New Age
See the tension between Victorian morality and new ideas as America became urbanized. Read about the Comstock Law, and find out about the first woman to run for president,
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U.s. History: From the Countryside to the City
The growth of cities was rapid in the last half of the 19th century. Read about the good things and bad things that were a result of this urbanization.
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U.s. History: American Federation of Labor
Samuel Gompers, master organizer, had a vision of a national union that would have economic clout, but would steer clear of politics. Read about his organization of skilled workers in craft unions under the banner of the American...
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U.s. History: Labor vs. Management
As Big Business grew in the Gilded Age, so did conflict between the workers and management. Read about the techniques used by both groups to try to press their points and get the upper hand in negotiations.
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U.s. History: Organized Labor
Industrial workers, as industry emerged and grew in the last half of the 19th century, did not profit as the business tycoons did. Read about the very beginnings of attempts to organize as a force to demand higher wages, a shorter work...
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U.s. History: Of Generals and Soldiers
Many of the generals on both sides of the Civil War were friends and acquaintances because of their service in the Mexican War. Read about some of these generals and see on which side they fought and why.
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U.s. History: A House Divided
A very brief overview of the Civil War, the casualties, and the horrific social and economic effects across the nation. Included is a map that shows when each Southern state seceded from the Uniion.
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U.s. History: From Uneasy Peace to Bitter Conflict
A brief overview of what was in store for the United States after the controversial Dred Scott decision.
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U.s. History: Politics and the New Nation
A brief overview of how the United States would change during the Age of Jackson and Jacksonian democracy.
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: The Second War for American Independence
The War of 1812 has been called the Second War of Independence. Find out about one of the causes of the war, and read about the possible plans for secession by the New England states, which opposed the war.
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U.s. History: Native Resistance in the Trans Appalachian West
This site gives a brief look at the Indian alliance built by Tecumseh to confront the U.S. military which wanted to protect the settlers moving west into Indian territory.
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U.s. History: Diplomatic Challenges in an Age of European War
Both the British and French challenged American sovereignty and neutrality on the high seas. Read about the solution favored by Thomas Jefferson, but despised by the American shippers. See why this a cause of the War of 1812, along with...
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U.s. History: Exploration: Lewis and Clark
A very brief overview of the Lewis and Clark expedition, focusing on the beginning and western terminus of the trip.
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U.s. History: The Expanding Republic and the War of 1812
A brief overview of the Jeffersonian Era up through the War of 1812.
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U.s. History: A New National Capital: Washington, d.c.
John Adams was the first president to reside in the President's House in the new capital Washington, D.C. Thomas Jefferson was the first president to be inaugurated there. Read about how this swampy area became the location of the...
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U.s. History: The Adams Presidency
John Adams faced opposition within his own administration. See who caused him problems at home, and read about the deteriorating relationship with France.
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U.s. History: Trans Atlantic Crisis: The French Revolution
A look at the French Revolution and how it was interpreted by members of the ruling members in the new United States. What occurred in France tempered the way politic opposites viewed each other in America.
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U.s. History: George Washington
A brief overview of George Washington and his importance to the success of the new nation, the United States.
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U.s. History: A Revolution in Social Law
Being able to own land and having land availble to own brought about great change in the new American nation. Read about how this came about and why it reflected new republican ideals. See what other changes were reflected in new state...
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U.s. History: The Stamp Act Congress
Read about how the colonies were discovering that they had more clout by acting together than acting as individual colonies. The Stamp Act Congress and the resulting Stamp Act Resolves helped them band together to resist the acts passed...
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U.s. History: The March to Germantown 1777
This site from US History.org provides a brief description of the British capture of Philadelphia and The Continental Army's defeat at nearby Germantown, Pennsylvania.
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U.s. History: The Battle of Germantown
This site gives the story of The Battle of Germantown between the Revolutionary and British forces.
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U.s. History: Edmund Randolph
Ushistory.org provides this biography of Edmund Randolph includes highlights of his political career and his role during the Constitutional Convention. Randolph went on to serve as Secretary of State.