Curated OER
History Matters: The Eruption of Tulsa
This article in the June 29, 1921, issue of Nation magazine by Walter White, an NAACP official, reports on the massive damage to black-owned homes and businesses as a result of the Tulsa race riot on May 31, 1921.
Curated OER
History Matters: Walter White Considers the Causes of the 1919 Chicago Race Riot
An article by NAACP executive secretary, Walter White, discusses the eight reasons he saw for the Chicago Race Riots in July, 1919. He goes into great detail to support these causes.
Curated OER
History Matters: "Says Lax Condidtions Caused Race Riots"
Read several articles from the Chicago Daily News on July 28, 1919, reporting on the various aspects of the Chicago race riots. One article, by Carl Sandburg, used sources from the black community.
National Humanities Center
National Humanities Center: America in Class: America in the 1920s: Divisions: Black & White
The National Humanities Center presents collections of primary resources compatible with the Common Core State Standards - historical documents, literary texts, and works of art - thematically organized with notes and discussion...
University of Missouri
Famous Trials: The Sweet Trials
The KKK membership was on the rise in Detroit in the 20s. An angry mob gathers at the home of an African-American doctor and shots ring out from the upstairs. Investigate the trial through transcripts and eye witness accounts.
Other
Wasm: Anti Lynching Bill, 1918
Read the text of the Dyer Anti-Lynching Bill as it was presented to the House of Representatives in 1922. Its passage was thwarted by a filibuster in the Senate.
Other
Duluth Lynchings Online Resource
A comprehensive resource that provides a variety of primary source documents that relate to the lynching of three black men in Duluth. There is a timeline, short profiles on all the people involved, information on the trial, and the...
PBS
Pbs: American Experience: Fatal Flood
This resource is a companion site to a documentary about a major flooding of the Mississippi River in 1927, where in Greenville, Mississippi, efforts to contain the river pitted the majority black population against an aristocratic...
Other
Hiero Graphics Online: The Rosewood Massacre Report
A three-part report prepared for the Florida Board of Regents that goes into great detail about the Rosewood Massacre in Florida in 1923. This was just one of many examples of violence against African-Americans after World War I.
Stanford University
Sheg: Document Based History: Reading Like a Historian: Chicago Race Riots
[Free Registration/Login Required] Students use primary source documents to investigate central historical questions. In this investigation, students deliberate the origins of the Chicago race riots by exploring five documents that...
![Ohs Research Center: Final Report of the Tulsa Race Riot of 1921 [Pdf] Primary](https://d15y2dacu3jp90.cloudfront.net/images/attachment_defaults/resource/large/FPO-knovation.png "Ohs Research Center: Final Report of the Tulsa Race Riot of 1921 [Pdf] Primary")
Oklahoma Historical Society
Ohs Research Center: Final Report of the Tulsa Race Riot of 1921 [Pdf]
Here you will find the final 188-page report of the Oklahoma Commission examining the Tulsa Race Riot of 1921, issued in February, 2001. Included are several reports from 1921 as well as historical perspective and current...
Other
Displays for Schools: Rosewood Massacre
Extensive material detailing the events surrounding the Rosewood Massacre and ensuing racial violence in 1923. Features a chronology of events and firsthand recollections of survivors.
National Humanities Center
National Humanities Center: Toolbox Library: Making of African American Identity: Segregation: Antilynching Dramas
Brief plays by Georgia Douglas Johnson that protest lynching are examined within this resource. Links to each play are provided in addition to a series of questions for discussion.
Curated OER
History Matters: "A Crowd of Howling Negroes"
Read the reporting from the Chicago Daily Tribune on the Chicago race riot in the summer of 1919. Find an accounting of the many incidents and a partial list of those injured.
Digital History
Digital History: Race
Read about the racial unrest in the turbulent times right after World War I when African Americans were moving north and black veterans were demanding their civil rights. Find out about the violent race riot in Tulsa in 1921, and the...
Digital History
Digital History: Explorations: Lynching
Through the use of primary source documents, resource explores the lynching of blacks in the South during the Jim Crow era.
Digital History
Digital History:the Great Migration
The Great Migration for African Americans began during World War I as blacks left the segregated south to find jobs in the north. Read about how segregation followed them into their northern neighborhoods. See also how the Harlem...
Chicago History Museum
Encyclopedia of Chicago: Carl Sandburg, the Chicago Race Riots, July 1919
Read a part of an article written by Carl Sandburg for the Chicago Daily News reporting on the Chicago Race Riots of 1919.
Northwestern University
Homicide in Chicago : 1919: The Race Riot
Find information about the race riots in Chicago in the summer of 1919. Read case details, causes of the riots, and photographs of the incidents.
Other
Tulsa Historical Society: The Tulsa Race Riot
A brief, but compelling description of the Tulsa Race Riot along with photographs showing the devastation of Black Tulsa as a result of the looting and burning by the white rioters.
PBS
Wnet: Thirteen: The Rise and Fall of Jim Crow: Red Summer (1919)
The summer of 1919 saw race riots in many cities, for the most part started by whites. Read about the causes and results of these riots.
Black Past
Black Past: Chicago Race Riot, 1919
This short encyclopedia article recounts the events that led up to the Chicago Race Riot in 1919.
Black Past
Black Past: Rosewood Massacre (1923)
An account of what led up to the complete destruction of the town of Rosewood, Florida, and the results of the racial unrest in the area in the 1920s.
Digital History
Digital History: The 1920s an Overview
A brief overview of what is in store for America in the 1920s, the Jazz Age. Read about the rise of consumerism, the clash of values, and the rise of fearing the "other."