![Cu: What Did the Direct Primary Do to Party Loyalty in Congress? [Pdf] Article](https://d15y2dacu3jp90.cloudfront.net/images/attachment_defaults/resource/large/FPO-knovation.png "Cu: What Did the Direct Primary Do to Party Loyalty in Congress? [Pdf] Article")
Columbia University
Cu: What Did the Direct Primary Do to Party Loyalty in Congress? [Pdf]
This scholarly paper examines the relationship between the adoption of the direct primary and its effect on party loyalty in Congress. Because individual states adopted the direct primary before the 17th amendment was adopted, the...
US National Archives
Nara: Treasures of Congress: Progressive Reform: Direct Election of Senators
Check out this amazing interactive site that shows you primary documents outlining the 17th amendment proposal (click on any document) for popular election of senators, provided by the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA).
PBS
Pbs: American Experience: 1912 Democratic Party Platform
Find the text of the 1912 Democratic Party platform. See the party's position on labor, income taxes, presidential primaries, the direct election of senators, tariff reform, and anti-trust legislation.
Thomson Reuters
Find Law: u.s. Constitution: Seventeenth Amendment: Popular Election of Senators
This resource provides the 17th Amendment, which called for the direct election of Senators. The text is followed by a discussion of the Amendment.
US National Archives
Nara: Treasures of Congress: Progressive Reform: Direct Election of Senators
Article briefly describing how direct election of United States senators came into being with the passage of the 17th amendment.
Other
Free Speech Seminar: Robert La Follette
Robert LaFollette was an engine behind the Progressive movement. His brief biography here recounts his actions in political office and his devotion to labor issues and civil liberties.
Annenberg Foundation
Annenberg Classroom: Popular Election of the Senate
Check out this interactive timeline documenting the history of popular election of the senate in the United States.
Georgia Humanities Council and the University of Georgia Press.
New Georgia Encyclopedia: Farmers' Alliance
The Farmers' Alliance advocated many progressive ideas. Read about these ideas and the ways the alliance fostered co-op programs for farmers. This article focuses on the Farmers' Alliance groups in Georgia, but there is also much...