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Primary
Other

Hawaii Online: Lateran Pacts of 1929

For Students 9th - 10th
This site provides the actual full text of the Lateran Treaty that Benito Mussolini made with the Vatican.
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Primary
ibiblio

Ibiblio: Mussolini's War Statement

For Students 9th - 10th
This Ibiblio.org site contains the text to Mussolini's war statement to the world on December 11, 1941.
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Graphic
Curated OER

King's College: Fascism: Benito Mussolini: Photograph

For Students 9th - 10th
A photograph of Benito Mussolini, head of Italy's goverment.
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Website
Digital History

Digital History: Italy

For Students 9th - 10th
Read about the rise of Benito Mussolini, who became essentially the dictator of Italy prior to World War II. Find out his aims for Italy, and how he went about trying to achieve them.
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Website
Digital History

Digital History: The Rise of the Dictators [Pdf]

For Students 9th - 10th
Use this lesson plan to explore the economic and political conditions in Europe after World War I as a result of the Treaty of Versailles that led to the rise of dictators in several countries. Read about the rise of Lenin and Stalin in...
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Handout
The History Place

The History Place: The Triumph of Hitler: The Nazi Soviet Pact

For Students 9th - 10th
Describes the alliances that were forming between countries in the lead-up to the outbreak of World War II, the negotiations between Hitler and Mussolini, and the Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact signed by Germany and Russia.
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Handout
The History Place

The History Place: The Defeat of Hitler: Allies Invade Italy

For Students 9th - 10th
Describes the invasion of Italy by the Allied forces.
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Website
Other

Journal of Historic Review: Italian Fascism: An Interpretation

For Students 9th - 10th
This well-researched essay focuses on the history of fascism in Italy as well as on the ideology.
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Graphic
Time

World War Ii in Color: Italian Campaign and the Road to Rome

For Students 9th - 10th
See color photographs from Life Magazine of Allied troops traveling through Italy towards Rome in the Italian campaign near the end of World War II. Many of these photographs were not published in the magazine at the time. Each photo has...
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Handout
Other

King's College: Fascism

For Students 9th - 10th
Webpage dedicated to discussing fascism in Italy, Spain, Germany, Hungary, and Ethiopia. Fascist leaders Benito Mussolini, Francisco Franco, Adolf Hitler, Emperor Hirohito, Admiral Miklos Horthy, and Joseph Goebbels are also discussed.
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Unit Plan
US Holocaust Memorial Museum

U.s. Holocaust Memorial Museum: The Holocaust in Italy

For Students 9th - 10th
The history of the Holocaust in Italy is generally well known, but to date there has been little systematic analysis of its spatial dimensions. The objective of this case study is to examine the Holocaust in Italy from a geographical...
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Handout
Wikimedia

Wikipedia: World War Ii

For Students 9th - 10th
Visit this website from the Wikipedia encyclopedia for an exhaustive encyclopedia article on World War II. Content includes information on the causes of the war, the European theater, the Pacific theater, and the historical significance...
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Handout
The History Place

The History Place: The Defeat of Hitler: Defeat in the Desert

For Students 9th - 10th
Describes the battles and military maneuvers of the Allies and the Germans in North Africa during World War II, resulting in the Germans' loss of North Africa.
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Handout
The History Place

The History Place: The Defeat of Hitler: Downfall of Adolf Hitler

For Students 9th - 10th
Describes the events that took place in Hitler's bunker in Berlin during the last ten days of his life.
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Graphic
BBC

Bbc History: Animated Map: The Italian Campaign

For Students 9th - 10th
This animated map gives a good visual of the Italian Campaign which began in Sicily in 1943. Each map has a description of the action, a key is provided, and just the map animation can be replayed, or view the entire site again.
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Website
Independence Hall Association

U.s. History: Reactions to a Troubled World

For Students 5th - 8th
Read about the rising militarism and fascism in Europe and Asia as dictators expanded their territories. See how the United States reacted with its series of three neutrality acts.
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Website
Internet History Sourcebooks Project

Fordham University: Modern History Sourcebook: Fascism in Europe

For Students 9th - 10th
This site from the Modern History Sourcebook of Fordham University provides links to many scholarly articles on elements of fascism and on how fascism has been manifested in Italy, Spain and other countries.
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Article
Siteseen

Siteseen: American Historama: Fascism, Nazism and Communism

For Students 9th - 10th
Resource provides the definition of Fascism, Nazism, Communism, and Militarism together with comparisons and examples of the regimes and the dictators who assumed absolute power leading up to WW2.