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Lesson Plan
NASA

Nasa: From Stargazers to Starships: The Round Earth and Christopher Columbus

For Teachers 9th - 10th
Despite popular myth, people of the 15th century actually realized that the earth was round. Some scientists had even estimated the size of the Earth. Here's an interesting explanation from a section of an online textbook on the...
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Article
Other

Ann Arbor Times: Christopher Columbus: Hero or Villain?

For Students 9th - 10th
Learn about why Columbus Day is considered a controversial holiday.
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Primary
Mariners' Museum and Park

Age of Exploration: Christopher Columbus: The Third Voyage

For Students 9th - 10th
Christopher Columbus' third voyage was disastrous for him. Find out what problems he had, and read a letter he wrote hoping for intercession with Ferdinand and Isabella to help him with his problems.
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Article
A&E Television

History.com: 10 Things You May Not Know About Christopher Columbus

For Students 9th - 10th
Check out 10 things you may not know about the explorer who sailed the ocean blue in 1492 for example, Columbus didn't set out to prove the earth was round.
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Handout
The History Cat

The History Cat: Age of Exploration: Christopher Columbus

For Students 9th - 10th
The story of Christopher Columbus, of how he became an explorer, his encounter with the Arawak people in the Caribbean, and the exaggerated tales he told the King and Queen of Spain when he returned to Europe.
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Primary
University of Maryland

Early Americas Digital Archive: Columbus, Letter From the Fourth Voyage

For Students 9th - 10th
The complete text of a letter written by Christopher Columbus describing his fourth voyage.
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Article
A&E Television

History.com: Native American History Timeline

For Students 9th - 10th
Before Christopher Columbus came to America, the expansive territory was inhabited by Native Americans. Throughout the 16th and 17th centuries, as more explorers sought to colonize their land, Native Americans responded in various...
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Unit Plan
CommonLit

Common Lit: Letter to the Treasure of Spain

For Students 7th - 8th
A learning module that begins with "Letter to the Treasure of Spain" by Christopher Columbus, accompanied by guided reading questions, assessment questions, and discussion questions. The text can be printed as a PDF or assigned online...
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Website
The History Cat

The History Cat: Age of Exploration

For Students 9th - 10th
Examines the Age of Exploration by looking at Christopher Columbus, the Columbian Exchange, the explorer Zheng He, the conquest of Mexico, and pirates who roamed the Caribbean.
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Graphic
A&E Television

History.com: Native American History Timeline

For Students 9th - 10th
As explorers sought to colonize their land, Native Americans responded in various stages, from cooperation to indignation to revolt. The timeline begins in 1492 with the arrival of Christopher Columbus and ends on March 15, 2021:...
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Primary
University of Maryland

Early Americas Digital Archive: Journal

For Students 9th - 10th
The journal written by Christopher Columbus on his first voyage.
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Handout
Travel Document Systems

Tds: Antigua and Barbuda: History

For Students 9th - 10th
A brief history of Antigua and Barbuda beginning with the earliest inhabitants, the Siboney, and continuing to the elections of 2004. Information is from the U.S. State Dept. Background Notes.
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Unit Plan
Bartleby

Bartleby.com: Washington Irving: Early Years

For Students 9th - 10th Standards
This Cambridge History of English and American Literature site provides biographical information and analysis of the works and literary contribution of Washington Irving. Use the forward arrows at the bottom of the web page to read a...
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Handout
The History Cat

The History Cat: The Voyages of Zheng He

For Students 9th - 10th
Read about the Chinese explorer, Zheng He, who lived from 1371 to 1433. He commanded massive fleets and made seven voyages, traveling to East Africa, India, and Arabia, making stops in other regions along the way. He even brought a...
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Primary
Library of Congress

Loc: Discovery and Exploration

For Students 9th - 10th
This American Memory site documents the discovery and exploration of the Americas with both manuscripts and published maps, many of which date from the European Age of Discovery. The site includes 22 map titles and descriptions, as well...
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Handout
University of Calgary

Uof C: Advances in Shipbuilding and Navigation

For Students 9th - 10th
This site gives information on technical advances in Portuguese shipbuilding and navigational tools.
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Website
Other

Radford University: Prelude to European Settlement of Virginia

For Students 9th - 10th
This site traces the early voyages of explorers from Portugal and Spain who were trying to find new resources.
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Handout
The History Cat

The History Cat: Age of Exploration: The Columbian Exchange

For Students 9th - 10th
A fascinating look at the exchanges that took place around the world after the Americas were discovered. This covered the gamut from diseases which wiped out 90% of the native peoples in North and South America, to farm animals, tools,...

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