Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: Northern Plans to End the War
By 1863 Northern military strategists developed a five-pronged plan to end the war. Read about how these goals were accomplished and at what great cost to both the Union and Confederate soldiers and civilians.
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: The Antifederalists' Victory in Defeat
By 1788 eleven states ratified the Constitution, more than enough to put it into effect as the document establishing rules for the nation. Read about the goals of the Federalists in estabilishing a national government and find out how...
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: Early National Organizations
As early as 1866 a national union grew from the multitude of local unions in the country. Read about the growth of stronger unions, and find out what their goals were. See why the Haymarket Square Riot had an effect on unionization.
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: Malcolm X Amd the Nation of Islam
A brief biography of a leader for black power, Malcolm X. Read about his early life and conversion to the Nation of Islam. Find out what his goals were for blacks in America, and see how the means to the end was different from Martin...
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: Pearl Harbor
A concise look at the economic relations between Japan and the United States just prior to the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. Find out what the Japanese hoped to achieve with the attack, and read about the American response.
Other
Modern World History: African Response to the Scramble for Africa
African leaders responded in diverse ways to European colonization. Armed resistance, trade embargos, and forming alliances with European powers are a few methods. Read the example of one African state (Ethiopia) that retained their...