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Primary
Texas State Library and Archives Commission

Texas State Library and Archives Commission: Battle of San Jacinto: Certified Copies of Letters on the Sherman Flag

For Students 9th - 10th
Texas Soldier Edward Miles provides his "Letter on the Sherman Flag," a "description of arms, uniforms, and account of battle." Also included here is a letter from the wife of soldier Sidney Sherman, Carrie Sherman. Part of artist Henry...
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Primary
Texas State Library and Archives Commission

Texas State Library and Archives Commission: Battle of San Jacinto: Reuben M. Potter, Magazine of American History

For Students 9th - 10th
Texas soldier Reuben Potter writes his account of the Battle of San Jacinto, which was published in the Magazine of American History in May 1880. Artist Henry McArdle provides his notes, as he carried out research for his painting, "The...
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Primary
Texas State Library and Archives Commission

Texas State Library and Archives Commission: Battle of San Jacinto: Pamphlet, General Sam Houston's Official Report

For Students 9th - 10th
Here is pamphlet printed in 1878 that gave General Sam Houston's official report on the Battle of San Jacinto. Eight pages long, it is annotated by artist Henry McArdle, as he did research for his painting, "The Battle of San Jacinto."
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Primary
Texas State Library and Archives Commission

Texas State Library and Archives Commission: Battle of San Jacinto: Official Report on the Capture of Santa Anna

For Students 9th - 10th
Here is James A. Sylvester's report his capture of General Santa Anna. This site provides images of the original handwritten letter, as well as typed line-by-line transcription. Part of artist Henry McArdle's research for his painting,...
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Primary
Texas State Library and Archives Commission

Texas State Library and Archives Commission: Battle of San Jacinto: Account of Battle and Santa Anna's Attempt to Escape

For Students 9th - 10th
William S. Taylor provides a very interesting account of the Battle of San Jacinto, and also writes of General Santa Anna's attempt to escape. There are eight pages of handwritten text accompanied by typed transcription. Part of artist...
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Primary
Texas State Library and Archives Commission

Texas State Library and Archives Commission: Sam Houston's Copy of His Official Report of the Battle of San Jacinto

For Students 9th - 10th
Sam Houston's personal account in his own handwriting of the Battle of San Jacinto written on April 25, 1836, is offered on this site. There is also a transcription of the document.
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Handout
Texas State Library and Archives Commission

Texas State Library and Archives Commission: Hard Road to Texas 1836 1845: Spanish Texas

For Students 9th - 10th
Texas was home to a "clash of three European empires" long before it became part of the United States. How did the Spanish claim Texas, and how was Spain outed by the Mexicans? Read about it all in this article, and check out related...
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Handout
Texas State Library and Archives Commission

Texas State Library and Archives Commission: Hazardous Business: The Railroads Come to Texas

For Students 9th - 10th
What made transportation in early Texas so difficult? What were the road conditions like? This article talks about land and water transportation in Texas in the years leading up to and after the Civil War. Also, check out photos and...
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Handout
Texas State Library and Archives Commission

Texas State Library and Archives Commission: The Railroads Come to Texas: Land/water Transportation in Early Texas

For Students 9th - 10th
What made transportation in early Texas so difficult? What were the road conditions like? This article talks about land and water transportation in Texas in the years leading up to and after the Civil War. Also, check out photos and...
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Handout
Texas State Library and Archives Commission

Texas State Library and Archives Commission: Texas Joins the Battle: A New Kind of Father, a New Kind of Daughter

For Students 9th - 10th
After Baylor University and University of Texas opened their doors to women in the late 19th century, more Texas women had access to education as well as paying jobs. Read how this new opportunity for women as well as the formation of...
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Handout
Texas State Library and Archives Commission

Texas State Library and Archives Commission: Texas Joins the Battle: Lucy Stone to Mariana Folsom, January 22, 1885

For Students 9th - 10th
Read a brief biography of Lucy Stone, "one of the pioneers of the women's suffrage movement," and also read a letter she wrote to Mariana Folsom, another suffragist. Image of actual letter is accompanied by line-by-line transcription.
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Handout
Texas State Library and Archives Commission

Texas State Library and Archives Commission: Forever Free: The 1870s: William H. Holland

For Students 9th - 10th
Read a brief bio on William H. Holland, a man born into slavery who not only fought in the Civil War but also involved in politics and working to advance African Americans during the Reconstruction. Read about some of his work as a Texas...
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Handout
Texas State Library and Archives Commission

Texas State Library and Archives Commission: Forever Free: The 1870s: Matthew Gaines

For Students 9th - 10th
Read about Matthew Gaines, an African American state senator from Texas during Reconstruction. Learn about where he stood on issues such as integrated education and taxation of specific groups, and why he was removed from office.
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Handout
Texas State Library and Archives Commission

Texas State Library and Archives Commission: The 1890s: End of an Era and the Quest for Civil Rights

For Students 9th - 10th
Part of an online exhibit called "Forever Free," this section deals with African Americans' efforts to establish themselves in society, despite increases in racism. Addresses topics such as Black Codes, Jim Crow Laws, and voting rights.
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Handout
Texas State Library and Archives Commission

Texas State Library and Archives Commission: Texas Treasures: The Republic of Texas

For Students 9th - 10th
Here is an overview of the problems facing the young Republic of Texas. Hyperlinks to additional information.
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Website
Texas State Library and Archives Commission

Texas State Library and Archives Commission: Hard Road to Texas 1836 1845: Texas Breaks Away Alone in the Wilderness

For Students 9th - 10th
Read about the effects of the Texas Revolution. How did Americans react? How did the annexation process begin, and what roadblocks were there? Find the answers to these questions, and check out a map of Texas from 1836 and other primary...
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Website
Texas State Library and Archives Commission

Texas State Library and Archives Commission: Hard Road to Texas 1836 1845: Aftermath the Reckoning

For Students 9th - 10th
What happened in the 15 years that followed the annexation of Texas? How did the Mexican War end? Read this article to learn about the aftermath of the annexation, and check out primary documents--a "moral map" of the United States and a...
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Website
Texas State Library and Archives Commission

Texas State Library and Archives Commission: Hard Road to Texas 1836 1845: International Matter: Texas Finds a Champion

For Students 9th - 10th
Read about the failed attempts U.S. President John Tyler made in the annexation of Texas? Find the answer to this question and check out primary texts from this period in Texas' history.
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Website
Texas State Library and Archives Commission

Texas State Library and Archives Commission: Hard Road to Texas 1836 1845: The Annexation Treaty

For Students 9th - 10th
Isaac Van Zandt championed for U.S. annexation, despite the possibility of war and political uproar. Read about the annexation treaty in its infancy, the people involved, and the signing of the treaty in 1844.
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Website
Texas State Library and Archives Commission

Texas State Library and Archives Commission: Hard Road to Texas 1836 1845: A Treaty of Annexation Tyler's Failed Gamble

For Students 9th - 10th
Read about the part the question of the annexation of Texas played in the election of 1844 and the machinations of several politicians in addressing this question.
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Website
Texas State Library and Archives Commission

Texas State Library and Archives Commission: Hard Road to Texas 1836 1845: The Final Showdown Starting Over Again

For Students 9th - 10th
What happened after the annexation treaty failed? Read primary documents to explore this period of Texas' history and learn about the people involved in this event.
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Website
Texas State Library and Archives Commission

Texas State Library and Archives Commission: Hard Road to Texas 1836 1845: The Final Showdown the Crisis

For Students 9th - 10th
The opposition against Texas' annexation was strong, and supporters faced challenges between Polk's election and inauguration. What lead up to the passing of the Texas annexation? Check out primary texts to explore this time in Texas'...
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Website
Texas State Library and Archives Commission

Texas State Library and Archives Commission: Hard Road to Texas 1836 1845: The Election of 1844

For Students 9th - 10th
Read about the election of 1844 and the views of the two candidates, James Polk and Henry Clay.
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Website
Texas State Library and Archives Commission

Texas State Library and Archives Commission: Hard Road to Texas 1836 1845: The Final Showdown Texas Makes Its Choice

For Students 9th - 10th
In 1845, Texas finally became part of the United States after years of violence, opposition, and political struggles. At this site, you can check out the text of the Ordinance of Annexation and other primary texts that will help you...