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Handout
Texas State Library and Archives Commission

Texas State Library and Archives Commission: The 1860s: Reconstruction

For Students 3rd - 8th
Here is an article on the Reconstruction, which touches briefly on several issues that arose during this period, specifically in Texas: President Johnson's Reconstruction plan, assimilation and rights of freed slaves, the 13th and 14th...
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Handout
Texas State Library and Archives Commission

Texas State Library and Archives Commission: Forever Free: The 1860s: The 1858 69 Constututional Convention

For Students 9th - 10th
With the freeing of slaves following the Emancipation Proclamation, African-Americans, including former slaves, began to take part in the government. Read about African-American Charles W. Bryant, Constitutional Convention delegate, and...
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Handout
Texas State Library and Archives Commission

Texas State Library and Archives Commission: Forever Free: The 1860s: George T. Ruby

For Students 9th - 10th
Read about George T. Ruby, an African American politician from Texas during Reconstruction.
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Handout
Texas State Library and Archives Commission

Texas State Library and Archives Commission: Forever Free: The 1860s: Rise of Radical Republicanism

For Students 9th - 10th
Here is a brief article on the beginning of the Republican political party in Texas in 1867. which soon split into two factions.
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Handout
Texas State Library and Archives Commission

Texas State Library and Archives Commission: Forever Free: The 1870s: Representation

For Students 9th - 10th
Read about the political climate in 1870s Texas and two governors elected during this time, Republican Edmund J. Davis and Democrat Richard Coke. Focuses primarily on how African Americans were affected by the leadership of each governor.
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Handout
Texas State Library and Archives Commission

Texas State Library and Archives Commission: Forever Free: The 1870s: The Constitutional Convention of 1875

For Students 9th - 10th
A Constitutional Convention was held in Texas in 1875 as a reaction to Reconstruction. See how the gains made by the Republican Party, which included African American legislators, were negated by the Democratic Party when it gained control.
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Handout
Texas State Library and Archives Commission

Texas State Library and Archives Commission: Forever Free: 19th Century African American Legislators: 1880s Repression

For Students 9th - 10th
This several page article recounts the black legislators in the Texas Congress and their attempts to address many issues affecting the African Americans in the state. Read about the Ku Klux Klan, convict leases, and segregation on railroads
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Handout
Texas State Library and Archives Commission

Texas State Library and Archives Commission: The 1880s: Convict Lease

For Students 9th - 10th
African American convicts faced physical abuse, were forced to work long hours, and experienced poor living conditions as part of the "Convict Lease" program set up to pay for the prison system. Read about why this program was started...
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Handout
Texas State Library and Archives Commission

Texas State Library and Archives Commission: The 1890s: Black Codes

For Students 9th - 10th
Here is a brief description of Black Codes, which were set in place in Texas in 1866 and "outlined a status for African Americans not too much removed from their earlier condition as slaves."
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Handout
Texas State Library and Archives Commission

Texas State Library and Archives Commission: The 1890s: Voting Rights

For Students 9th - 10th
Though given the right to vote by 1870, African-American men faced several problems when it came to voting. This is a brief description of what they faced.
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Handout
Texas State Library and Archives Commission

Texas State Library and Archives Commission: Forever Free: The 1870s: Education

For Students 9th - 10th
Read about the development of free education for African Americans following the emancipation of this enslaved population. This article focuses on schools in Texas, including what is now known as Texas A&M University. Includes a...
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Graphic
Texas State Library and Archives Commission

Texas State Library and Archives Commission: Hazardous Business: Line and Lands of the Texas & Pacific Railway, 1873

For Students 9th - 10th
Here's a map showing the Texas & Pacific Railway. Click on link to get larger version which shows the route across Texas as well as an inset which shows how the railway connected to other railroads in the U.S.
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Graphic
Texas State Library and Archives Commission

Texas State Library and Archives Commission: Aftermath: A Fashionable Woman, Circa 1920

For Students 9th - 10th
After women were given the right to vote in 1919, other aspects of women's lives began to evolve, one being women's dress. No longer confined by the restrictive fashions of the 19th century, women wore dresses, like the one shown here,...
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Graphic
Texas State Library and Archives Commission

Texas State Library and Archives Commission: The Mc Ardle Notebooks: Portrait of General Sam Houston

For Students 9th - 10th
Here is a photo of General Sam Houston, which is part of artist Henry McArdle's notebook of research used in painting "The Battle of San Jacinto." Includes a link to an article on Houston.
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Graphic
Texas State Library and Archives Commission

Texas State Library and Archives Commission: Battle of San Jacinto: Portrait of General Mirabeau B. Lamar

For Students 9th - 10th
Here is a portrait of Mirabeau Lamar, part of artist Henry McArdle's collection of research for his painting, "The Battle of San Jacinto." Includes a link to an article on Lamar, from the "Handbook of Texas."
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Graphic
Texas State Library and Archives Commission

Texas State Library and Archives Commission: Battle of San Jacinto: Portrait of General Santa Anna

For Students 9th - 10th
Here is a portrait of Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna by Paul L'Ouvrier. Part of artist Henry McArdle's collection of research for his painting, "The Battle of San Jacinto." Includes a link to an article on Santa Anna from the "Handbook of...