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Handout
Philosophy Pages

Philosophy Pages: Logic

For Students 9th - 10th
This site can get as detailed as you care to get in the study of logic. Start at the beginning for a definition of logic, and continue on for more in depth study.
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Handout
Stanford University

Relevance Logic/stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy

For Students 9th - 10th
Discusses the topic of relevance (or relevant) logics. Presents the theory and applications of relevance logic, which attempts to resolve "fallacies of relevance."
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Unit Plan
Department of Defense

Do Dea: Contemplation and Argumentation

For Students 9th - 10th Standards
In this self-guided unit, you will read Romantic and Transcendental literature and you will practice the art of persuasion using rhetorical devices, appeals, and refutation while avoiding logical fallacies. By the end of the unit, you...
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Website
Sophia Learning

Sophia: Argumentative Essays

For Students 9th - 10th Standards
This tutorial focuses on argumentative essays, longer writings on a well-researched topic with the writer arguing one side of the topic, free of fallacies, and providing several claims. A short YouTube clip of Monty Python shows the...
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Unit Plan
Sophia Learning

Sophia: Critical Reading as a Learning Strategy

For Students 9th - 10th Standards
This tutorial focuses on critical reading using a downloadable PowerPoint presentation, "Critical Reading 101," which includes separating fact from opinion, 6 propaganda techniques, and 6 common fallacies in reasoning. Also provided is...
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eBook
Other

Pressbooks: Let's Get Writing: Chapter 3: Argument

For Students 9th - 10th Standards
This chapter focuses on writing an argument including what is an argument, types of arguments, elements of arguments, layouts, claims, counterarguments, evidence, validity, types of fallacies, and more. W.9-10.1 Arguments, W.11-12. 1...
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Unknown Type
Khan Academy

Khan Academy: Denying the Antecedent and Affirming the Consequent

For Students 9th - 10th
Test your knowledge of the fallacies of denying the antecedent and affirming the consequent.
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Lesson Plan
Lumen Learning

Lumen: Boundless Communications: Logical Appeals

For Students 9th - 10th Standards
This activity focuses on using logical appeals in persuasive speeches including inductive and deductive reasoning, inductive reasoning and associative reasoning, forming a rational appeal, and errors in reasoning-formal and informal.
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Handout
Stanford University

Informal Logic/stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy

For Students 9th - 10th
Describes the recent movement known as "informal logic." Summarizes its brief history, provides several detailed examples, and explains its relationship to philosophy. Bibliography included.
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Whiteboard
ClassFlow

Class Flow: Becoming an Effective Listener

For Teachers 9th - 10th Standards
[Free Registration/Login Required] This flipchart focuses on the traits of an effective listener and the identification of popular logical fallacies and propaganda techniques. In addition, there is an Activote at the end to check student...
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Handout
Other

Weak Analogy

For Students 9th - 10th
Provides alternate names for the concept, a definition, examples, and explanation of the examples. The author is a former college professor, so the information can be trusted.
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Unknown Type
Khan Academy

Khan Academy: Ad Hominem, Part 2

For Students 9th - 10th
Test your knowledge of ad hominem fallacies.
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Handout
Other

Wsu: Improving Your Argument

For Students 9th - 10th Standards
Students writing persuasive essays run the risk of using inaccurate or illogical reasoning. This site by Weber State University provides pointers to help eliminate this problem. Several dos's and don'ts are given, as are 14 common...
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Lesson Plan
Lumen Learning

Lumen: Rhetorical Appeals: Manipulative Appeals to Ethos

For Students 9th - 10th Standards
This lesson focuses on the ways appeals to ethos can be manipulative including lying about their credentials and employing a number of tricks or fallacies to lure you to their point of view.
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Handout
Grammarly

Grammarly Handbook: Methods of Reasoning

For Students 9th - 10th Standards
A list (with examples) of common errors in logic including the following: non sequiturs, hasty generalization circular argument, ad hominem, ad populum, and red herring.
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Activity
Other

Fallacy Files: Loaded Question

For Students 9th - 10th Standards
Good explanation of the logical fallacy known as the loaded question (also known as complex question, many questions, or plurium interrogationum). An example, explanation of the example, and links to additional resources are all provided...
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Activity
Other

Fallacy Files: Black or White Fallacy

For Students 9th - 10th
Discusses the error in logic behind the Black-or-White Fallacy (Either/Or Fallacy). Although a great deal of information about the fallacy is given, it is written at a fairly high reading level. Older students would definitely get more...
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Activity
Other

Fallacy Files: Begging the Question

For Students 9th - 10th Standards
Discusses the error in logic behind the fallacy of Begging the Question (also known as Circular Argument, Circular Reasoning, Circulus in Probando, Petitio Principii, or Vicious Circle). Although a great deal of information about the...
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Activity
Other

Fallacy Files: Bandwagon Fallacy

For Students 9th - 10th Standards
Clear explanation of the flaw in logic known as Bandwagon Fallacy (also known as Appeal to Popularity, Bandwagon Appeal, Argument by Consensus, Argumentum ad Populum, or Authority of the Many). Along with a definition, example, and...
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Unknown Type
Khan Academy

Khan Academy: Division and Composition

For Students 9th - 10th
Test your knowledge of the distinction between the fallacy of division and the fallacy of composition.
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Unknown Type
Khan Academy

Khan Academy: Begging the Question

For Students 9th - 10th
Test your knowledge of the fallacy of begging the question.
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Unknown Type
Khan Academy

Khan Academy: Post Hoc Ergo Propter Hoc

For Students 9th - 10th
Test your knowledge of the post hoc ergo propter hoc fallacy.
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Activity
Other

Propaganda Critic

For Students 9th - 10th
A comprehensive site that offers student information on: Name Calling, Glittering Generalities, False Connections, Bad Logic or Propaganda, Wartime Propaganda and more! Site also offers the Propaganda Gallery - short video clips that can...
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Handout
Other

European Society for General Semantics: False Dilemma

For Students 9th - 10th
An explanation of the logical fallacy called False Dilemma (also known as Manicheanism, Black-and-White Thinking, Black-or-White Fallacy, Bifurcation, Bogus Dilemma, or Either/Or fallacy). A definition, explanation, and a number of...

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