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eBook
Physics Classroom

The Physics Classroom: Sound Waves & Music: Reflection, Refraction, Diffraction

For Students 9th - 10th
In this illustrated physics tutorial, students learn about sound wave behaviors and apply them to the reflection, diffraction, and refraction of sound waves.
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eBook
Physics Classroom

The Physics Classroom: Refraction/ray Model of Light: Total Internal Reflection

For Students 9th - 10th
Through illustrated examples, students explore the physics phenomenon of total internal reflection when light travels through several medium boundaries.
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Unknown Type
Khan Academy

Khan Academy: Eye Disease and Contact Lenses

For Students 9th - 10th
Punctate keratitis is an eye disease that results in abrasions on the epithelial cornea. One of the leading causes of the disease is the overuse of contact lenses. A research team is investigating the optical properties of four new types...
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Unit Plan
CK-12 Foundation

Ck 12: Physical Science: Refraction

For Students 7th - 9th
[Free Registration/Login may be required to access all resource tools.] Refraction of light in matter and how light changes its speed and angle of refraction according to the type of medium it is travelling through.
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Handout
Wikimedia

Wikipedia: Refracting Telescope

For Students 9th - 10th
Wikipedia provides detailed information on refracting telescopes, including an image, technical difficulties, and a hyperlinked list to info on notable refracting telescopes.
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Unit Plan
Physics Classroom

The Physics Classroom: Wavelike Behaviors of Light

For Students 9th - 10th
How light waves demonstrate their wave nature by reflection, refraction, and diffraction.
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Article
PBS

Pbs Learning Media: The Beginnings of the Telescope

For Students 9th - 10th
This animated essay from the NOVA Web site examines the design of Galileo's refracting telescope and Sir Isaac Newton's reflecting telescope.
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eBook
Physics Classroom

The Physics Classroom: Refraction and Ray Model of Light: Boundary Behavior

For Students 9th - 10th
In this illustrated physics tutorial, students investigate the connection between light reflection and light refraction.
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eBook
Physics Classroom

The Physics Classroom: Refraction and Ray Model of Light: The Critical Angle

For Students 9th - 10th
Illustrated examples and interactive practice problems that introduce students to the concept of the critical angle, the angle of incidence that provides an angle of refraction of 90-degrees.
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Handout
Georgia State University

Georgia State University: Hyper Physics: Total Internal Reflection

For Students 9th - 10th
This physics department site provides a definition and explanation of the phenomenon of total internal reflection. Includes a diagram and an equation for calculating the critical angle for light approaching a surface.
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Website
Other

Propagation of Light Using Geometry

For Students 9th - 10th
A discussion of Christian Huygens' contribution to wave optics, and particularly to our understanding of the reflection and refraction of light. Excellent diagrams and a geometric proof on why the law of reflection is mathematically...
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Activity
Exploratorium

Exploratorium: Critical Angle

For Students 3rd - 8th
Students can see light reflected and refracted in this demonstration. They will also discover the total internal reflection of light.
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Lesson Plan
TeachEngineering

Teach Engineering: Needing Illumination: Investigating Light

For Teachers 3rd - 5th
This is the first lesson of this unit to introduce light. In this lesson, students learn the five words that describe how light interacts with objects: "transparent," "translucent," "opaque," "reflection" and "refraction."
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Website
University of Illinois

University of Illinois Urbana Champaign: Light and Optics

For Students 9th - 10th
Rainbows and sunsets are called "atmospheric optics". They can be caused by light being absorbed, reflected, scattered, refracted, or diffracted by particles in the atmosphere. Learn all about different atmospheric optics along with...
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Activity
TeachEngineering

Teach Engineering: Light Scavengers

For Teachers 3rd - 5th
In this activity, students examine various materials and investigate how they interact with light. Students use five new vocabulary words (translucent, transparent, opaque, reflection and refraction) to describe how light interacts with...
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Interactive
Math Science Nucleus

Math/science Nucleus: Light Magic

For Students Pre-K - 1st
This animation discusses light and the properties of light in a storybook format. The animations cover the colors of the rainbow (ROYGBIV) along with prisms, light waves, reflection, and refraction.
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Lesson Plan
TeachEngineering

Teach Engineering: The Energy of Light

For Teachers 3rd - 5th
In this introduction to light energy, students learn about reflection and refraction as they learn that light travels in wave form. Through hands-on activities, they see how prisms, magnifying glasses and polarized lenses work. They also...
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Website
University of Chicago

Telescopes at Yerkes Observatory / Virtual Tour

For Students 9th - 10th
This site describes the difference between reflective and refractive telescopes and includes a virtual tour of Yerkes Observatory which houses the largest refracting telescope in the world.
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eBook
Physics Classroom

The Physics Classroom: Refraction and the Ray Model of Light: Rainbow Formation

For Students 9th - 10th
Understand the physics behind Roy G. Biv, and how rainbows are formed by drawing upon our understanding of refraction, internal reflection, and dispersion.
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Interactive
Physics Classroom

The Physics Classroom: Reflection and Mirrors: Optics Bench Interactive

For Students 9th - 10th
Find out about the physics behind those fun-house mirrors. Students manipulate a virtual optics bench to explore the images formed by mirrors and lenses.
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Unit Plan
CK-12 Foundation

Ck 12: Physical Science: Reflection of Light

For Students 4th - 5th
[Free Registration/Login may be required to access all resource tools.] Considers the reflection of light from both smooth and rough surfaces and the law of reflection.
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Lesson Plan
Science Education Resource Center at Carleton College

Serc: Helping Students Discover Total Internal Reflection

For Teachers 9th - 10th
After students have learned the basic relationship of Snell's Law, they practice applying it to a situation. Then they are given another situation where it doesn't work, which turns out to be one in which total internal reflection occurs.
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Interactive
CK-12 Foundation

Ck 12 Exploration Series: Simulations: Physics: Diamond Cut

For Students 9th - 10th
[Free Registration/Login Required] A simulation investigating why a diamond shines by looking at refraction, reflection, and total internal reflection.
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Unit Plan
Georgia Department of Education

Ga Virtual Learning: Geometric Optics

For Students 9th - 10th
This interactive unit will help students to understand the basics of geometric optics. Learn what happens when light strikes the boundary between two media as well as the difference between a real and virtual image? Also explore the law...

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