Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: The Manhattan Project
Read about the Manhattan Project, the United States' attempt to create an atomic bomb before the scientists in Nazi Germany were able to.
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: Reconstruction
A very good overview of Reconstruction in the South after the Civil War. Find the questions that needed to be answered about how to reincorporate the Confederate states, what rights freed blacks would have, and how terms of...
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: Women's Rights
Read about some outspoken women in the 1830s and 1840s, who began speaking out for reforms of many kinds, particularly on the issue of slavery and the rights of women to vote. The Seneca Falls Declaration pushed this idea of equality.
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: Inventors and Inventions
The industrial revolution in America spawned the inventions of many inventors, who improved technology in many different areas. See how transportation, agriculture, and communications were transformed because of these inventions.
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U.s. History: West African Society at the Point of European Contact
Prior to European contact, western Africa's powerful kingdoms supported the arts, technology, and thriving economies. Read about the areas from which slaves were transported before the transatlantic trade began.
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: Cotton and African American Life
But for the invention of the cotton gin, slavery perhaps would have died out in the United States in the early 19th century. Read about why technological advances caused the spread of slavery in the South and read about how slaves clung...
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U.s. History: Reactions to a Troubled World
Read about the rising militarism and fascism in Europe and Asia as dictators expanded their territories. See how the United States reacted with its series of three neutrality acts.
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: The Age of Atlantic Revolutions
The American Revolution fomented change throughout the trans-Atlantic area. Read about the revolution's influence on the French and their overthrowing of their king, and the slave revolt which brought about the second republic in the New...
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U.s. History: Pearl Harbor
A concise look at the economic relations between Japan and the United States just prior to the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. Find out what the Japanese hoped to achieve with the attack, and read about the American response.
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: Yorktown and the Treaty of Paris
Read about the siege of Yorktown and the inability of Cornwallis to be resupplied, resulting in his surrender of 8,000 British troops to General George Washington. The end of the Revolutionary War was finalized with the Treaty of Paris...
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: John Brown's Raid
John Brown was considered a madman by many and a martyr by others. Read about his ill-fated raid on the federal arsenal at Harper's Ferry, Virginia. Why did this raid cause such a reaction in the Southern states?
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: The Emancipation Proclamation
The Emancipation Proclamation in 1863 really didn't free a single slave. Read about why that was true, but also find out why Abraham Lincoln felt is was absolutely necessary to make a stand on ending slavery when he did, and how the...
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: Bunker Hill
Read about the Battle of Bunker Hill, which really took place at Breed's Hill, and find out why it was such a stunning victory for the Americans even though they lost the battle.
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: Benjamin Franklin Timeline
Independence Hall Association features an easy-to-read timeline offering a wealth of information about Franklin's life.
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: A Quick Biography of Benjamin Franklin
This fact-filled article surveys the life of Benjamin Franklin.
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: The Great Depression
Read a brief overview of the causes of the Great Depression. See that there were several reasons which fed on each other to plunge the country into economic chaos.
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: Westward Expansion: The Louisiana Purchase
Read about the fortuitous purchase made that doubled the size of the United States. See why Napoleon was willing to sell the land, and find out about the quandary Thomas Jefferson was in as he had to go against his strict construction...
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: Women's Suffrage at Last
Trace the history of the women's suffrage movement from its organized beginnings in 1848 with the Seneca Falls Convention to the final success with the adoption of the 19th Amendment, which constitutionally granted women the right vote.
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: Transcendentalism, an American Philosophy
A good look at the first major American philosophy, transcendentalism. Read about the ideas that transcendentalists believed, and find out the members of the Transcendental Club. Many American authors of the time espoused the ideals of...
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U.s. History: Franklin's Philadelphia
A look at the legacy of Benjamin Franklin to the city of Philadelphia.
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U.s. History: The American Homefront
See how the people at home stepped up to support the war effort in World War II.
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U.s. History: Malcolm X Amd the Nation of Islam
A brief biography of a leader for black power, Malcolm X. Read about his early life and conversion to the Nation of Islam. Find out what his goals were for blacks in America, and see how the means to the end was different from Martin...
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: Martin Luther King, Jr.
A brief biography of civil rights hero, Martin Luther King, Jr. This article touches on his early life, but focuses on his actions as a leader of nonviolent change to bring equality to African Americans. Find a speech given by Robert...
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: Betsy Ross Homepage
Use this site to read a biography of Betsy Ross, the designer of the first American flag. You can also read a history of the flag, flag laws, a flag quiz, and some quotes about the flag.