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Website
Stanford University

Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Singular Propositions

For Students 9th - 10th
Helpful introduction to the mechanics of using "propositions" technically in logic. Article defines several important terms and uses good examples to contrast different types of propositions.
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Website
Stanford University

Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Russell's Paradox

For Students 9th - 10th
Explains briefly the history and significance of Russell's famous logical paradox. Includes links to other Russell-related websites. Uses a minimum of technical notation.
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Website
Stanford University

Stanford Encyclopedia of Phil.: Principia Mathematica

For Students 9th - 10th
This site from the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy briefly explains the history and significance of the famous logical treatise by Whitehead and Russell. Lists the table of contents from each of its three volumes.
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Website
Stanford University

Stanford Encycl. Of Philosophy: Alfred North Whitehead

For Students 9th - 10th
A biography of Alfred North Whitehead. It lists major events of his life in a chronology, summarizes his philosophical influence, and provides a bibliography both of his own writings and of secondary sources about him.
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Handout
Stanford University

Saint Anselm: The Theistic Proofs

For Students 9th - 10th
Explains Anselm's famous method of "faith seeking understanding" in the context of his ontological proof of the existence of God. Anselm's arguments are carefully enumerated in both the "Monologion" and "Proslogion", and then are...
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Handout
Stanford University

Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Turing Machine

For Students 9th - 10th
Explains what a Turing machine is and how one works.
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Handout
Stanford University

Stanford Encycl. Of Philosophy: Epistemology of Religion

For Students 9th - 10th
Excellent article examining several contemporary epistemological proposals for understanding "faith" philosophically. First discusses "evidentialism", then subjects it to critiques from several differing perpectives. Clearly written but...
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Handout
Stanford University

Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Miracles

For Students 9th - 10th
Excellent essay from the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy on the philosophical response to "miraculous" events. Discusses the issues at stake in theories of causation, as well as Hume's famous refutation of miracles. Includes lengthy...
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Handout
Stanford University

Stanford Ency. Phiosophy: Deflationary Theory of Truth

For Students 9th - 10th
Sophisticated presentation from the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy of a variety of deflationary theories of truth. Begins with a simple explanation and examples, but soon enlists somewhat technical language to explain subtler...
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Handout
Stanford University

Stanford Encycl. Of Philosophy: Identity Theory of Truth

For Students 9th - 10th
This site from the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy explains the identity theory of truth as a variant of correspondence theories of truth. Presents the most important sources of the theory, arguments for and against it, and a...
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Handout
Stanford University

Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Virtue Epistemology

For Students 9th - 10th
Article from the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy addresses issues of epistemic justication in the contemporary theory of "virtue epistemology." Author presents a half-dozen varieties of the theory, considering specific arguments for...
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Handout
Stanford University

Leibniz on the Problem of Evil/sep

For Students 9th - 10th
Excellent discussion of Leibniz's famous attempt at resolving the "problem of evil." Addresses Leibniz's different arguments in justification of the Christian God, many of which are still debated by contemporary philosophy of religion....
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Handout
Stanford University

Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Jacques Maritain

For Students 9th - 10th
Presents the life and thought of the notable 20th century Thomist, Jacques Maritain. Discusses his epistemology, aesthetics, and social thought, and evaluates his contemporary influence.
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Handout
Stanford University

Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Pantheism

For Students 9th - 10th
Excellent, in-depth article from the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy introducing the metaphysical beliefs and religious practices of pantheism. Pantheism is treated as both a philosophy and a religion. Author consider arguments and...
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Handout
Stanford University

Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Pascal's Wager

For Students 9th - 10th
This site from the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy discusses the philosophical and logic merits of Pascal's Wager, as well as the objections against it. Begins with a short historical and philosophical background to put the Wager in...
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Handout
Stanford University

Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Plato's Ethics

For Teachers 9th - 10th
This encyclopedia entry provides an extensive discussion on Plato's Ethics and his attempt to create a philosophy of achieving the highest aim of moral thought and conduct.
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Handout
Stanford University

Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Ralph Waldo Emerson

For Students 9th - 10th Standards
At this website, read about the significant events in Emerson's life and learn about the major themes present in his writing.
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Handout
Stanford University

The Genotype/phenotype Distinction

For Students 9th - 10th
This site talks about the differences between genotype and phenotype. It offers examples, and tells how a genotype determines a phenotype.
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Handout
Stanford University

Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Affirmative Action

For Students 9th - 10th
Very thorough article on the history of affirmative action. Bibliography is included.
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Lesson Plan
Stanford University

Stanford University: Lesson Plan on the Children's Crusade

For Teachers 9th - 10th
A well designed four part lesson plan that examines the use of children in the civil rights demonstration that occurred in Birmingham under the leadership of Dr. King.
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Handout
Stanford University

Saint Thomas Aquinas: Christian Philosophy

For Students 9th - 10th
Presents the views of Aquinas on the relationship of philosophy and theology, and on the possibility of a "Christian philosophy." Aquinas' own enthusiasm for Aristotle is addressed as an important case study.
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Handout
Stanford University

Soren Kierkegaard

For Students 9th - 10th
This site provides very in-depth information about the life and works of the existentialist philosopher Soren Kierkegaard. Toward the bottom of the page is a chronological timeline of his life, as well as a bibliography and list of other...
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Handout
Stanford University

Stanford University: History

For Students 9th - 10th
This site from the Stanford University provides a comprehensive history of Stanford University from "Birth of the University" to the present.
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Handout
Stanford University

Geometric Series

For Students 9th - 10th Standards
This resource has a short explanation of the geometric series.