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The Founders' Constitution: Records of the Federal Convention
The original text of official Resolutions by members of the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia in 1787 during the debate creating a new national U.S. Constitution.
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The Founders' Constitution: Resolution of the Constitutional Convention
The text of the Resolution of the Constitutional Convention authorizing the submission of the Constitution of the United States to the legislatures of the states to be ratified by state conventions.
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The Founders' Constitution: Virginia Constitution: 29 June 1776
The complete original text of the revolutionary state constitution of Virginia adopted in June 1776.
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The Founders' Constitution: Massachusetts Constitution: 2 March 1780
The complete, original text of the Massachusetts State Constitution as adopted in March, 1780.
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U. Of Chicago/ Popular Basis of Political Authority
Excerpts from John Locke's famous 1689 work "Two Treatises of Government" where he discusses his political ideas that came to influence the U.S. Revolutionaries.
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The Founders' Constitution: Deficiencies of the Confederation
The original text of a letter from Alexander Hamilton to Governor George Clinton of New York in 1778 complaining of inadequate material for the U.S. armed forces and perception of weakness by foreign powers.
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The Founders' Constitution: Deficiencies of the Confederation
The original text of a 1787 article in which James Madison discusses the failures of the Articles of Confederation. An interesting look at the problems with the states and with foreign countries.
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The Founders' Constitution: James Madison to George Washington
The original text of a letter from James Madison to George Washington discussing his ideas for a new national government that were to soon be presented to the Constitutional Convention as the Virginia Plan.
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The Founders' Constitution: Resolution & Letter to the Congress
The original and complete text of the letter approved by the Constitutional Convention on September 17, 1787 recommending the newly adopted U.S. Constitution to the Congress and the states for ratification.
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University of Chicago Library: Teaching the Middle East: Resource for Educators
An overview of the cultures, contributions, history, peoples, and geography of the Middle East developed specifically for educators. Learning modules, essays, maps, scholarly perspectives, resource and image banks, framing questions, and...
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Teach the Middle East: The Neolithic Revolution
In this article you will learn about the chronology of the Neolithic Revolution. Stages include the Paleolithic age, a time of nomadic hunter-gatherers roamed the globe and the Epipaleolithic age, when sedentary hunter-gatherers...
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University of Chicago Library: Teaching the Middle East: Golden Age of Islam
Learning module considers the language, literature, material culture, and architectural monuments of classical Islamic civilization (AD 610-1258).
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University of Chicago Library: Teaching the Middle East: Exporter of Religion
Learning module considers the significance of the Middle East as a center of religious origins and beliefs. Essays and illustrative materials follow the development of the religious traditions of the region, from the polytheistic animism...
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University of Chicago Library: Teaching the Middle East: Writing: Before Islam
Learning module considers the writing systems and literature of ancient Mesopotamia before the arrival of Christianity or Islam.
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University of Chicago Library: Teaching the Middle East: Writing: Islamic Period
Learning module considers the literature of the Middle East after the arrival of Islam. Discusses the development of the Koran and a variety of poetic forms.
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University of Chicago Library: Teaching the Middle East: Foreign Eyes
Two related learning modules consider Western perspectives on the Middle East, beginning with the Persian invasions of Greece (fifth century BC) and moving forward into the present time. Useful background on the history of wartime and...
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University of Chicago Library: Teaching the Middle East: Question of Identity
Learning module considers questions of identity among populations of the Middle East, both ancient and modern, in terms of their ethnicities, language spoken, religious affiliation, and gender.
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University of Chicago Library: Teaching the Middle East: Identity in Mesopotamia
Learning module looks at the ancient peoples of Mesopotamia, including the Sumerians and Akkadians. Particular emphasis given to the status of women in the region, religious practices, and language.
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University of Chicago Library: Le Roman De La Rose (The Romance of the Rose)
Find a description of a medieval poem about courtly love, and view the digital manuscript of the poem.
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University of Chicago Library: The Moralized Game of Chess
The subject matter of this medieval manuscript by the friar, Jacobus de Cessolis, is interesting--looking at the game of chess from a societal standpoint. Even more interesting from the viewpoint of the history of art is the illustrated...
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American Environmental Photographs 1891 1936
An interesting site that shows early photographs by Henry Chandler Cowles and George Damon Fuller and others. The images range from ecological settings to the consequences of human changes to the environment.
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University of Chicago Library: Multiwavelength Astronomy
Get the inside story on how Astrophysics emerged as a field of study from personal stories of scientists that helped to revolutionize our view of the Universe.
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E Cuip: Classroom: Smuggler's Island
Smuggler's Island explores the issues of Prohibition giving unique insight into the attitudes towards alcohol during the 1920s.
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University of Chicago Library: The Great Migration
Read about the African American migration north in the early 20th Century through a collection of migrant letters and a lecture by scholar James Grossman.