Young scholars are able to respond to a reading passage concerning human effects (under development) in Madagascar. They have a quiz on primary and secondary succesion as their bell ringer. Students write an essay on the topic "No man is an island, entire of itself; ... any man's death diminishes me, for I am involved in mankind, and therefore never send to know for whom the bell tolls. They discuss the number of ways that humans and the environment are linked to each other.