A map from 1868 of South America showing the physical features of the region, vegetation types, ocean currents, temperatures, principal products and mineral deposits. Mountain chains are represented by lines of varying thickness, with the broader the line, the greater the elevation. The highest points of mountain chains are marked by circles, with volcanoes distinguished by a dot in the center of the circle. Elevations are given in feet above sea level. The mean temperature isotherms for January (solid line) and July (dashed line) are given with temperatures in degrees Fahrenheit. The direction of ocean currents is shown by arrows, and the figures attached indicate the velocity of the currents in nautical miles for each twenty-four hour period. Three cross- section charts at the bottom of the map show vertical profiles from the Pacific to the Atlantic along latitudes 16 degrees South, 30 degrees South, and 34 degrees 30’ South.