This article details The Court Marial of Alfred Dreyfus. The document pieced together that September day in Paris, called "the bordereau," would launch a criminal process that would divide and convulse France for decades. The events set in motion would become known as "the Dreyfus Affair," after the Jewish artillery captain who would be wrongfully convicted not once, but twice, as the result of misguided assumptions, anti-Semitism, prosecutorial misconduct, and a massive military cover-up. The Dreyfus Affair revealed deep divisions in French society and changed the course of the nation's history.