History.com: Latino, Hispanic, Latinx, Chicano: The History Behind the Terms

The effort to coin a term to describe a wildly diverse group of Americans has long stirred controversy. The terms Latino, Hispanic and Latinx are often used interchangeably to describe a group that makes up about 19 percent of the U.S. population. While it's now common to use umbrella terms to categorize those with ties to more than 20 Latin American countries, these words haven't always fostered a sense of community among the people they're supposed to describe.