An explanation the mole (named for molecule) and Avogadro's Number. One mole of a substance is equal to 6.022 times 10 to 23rd power units of that substance (such as atoms, molecules, or ions). The number 6.022 time 10 to 23rd power is known as Avogadro's number or Avogadro's constant. The concept of the mole can be used to convert between mass and number particles.