Although the campaign for Woman Suffrage in the United States began with the Seneca Falls Convention of 1848, six decades later the leaders of the movement could claim victories in only four, sparsely-populated Western states, Colorado, Utah, Idaho and Wyoming. The two antagonistic factions of the suffrage movement, which had followed separate paths since the end of the 1860s, had reunited in the 1890s in the National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA). Yet at the end of the first decade of the twentieth century, despite the major role of women in many prominent reforms of the Progressive era, the movement seemed at a standstill. Dr. Anna Howard Shaw, President of the NAWSA since 1904, had proved an accomplished orator but an ineffective organizer and administrator.