US Senate
U.s. Senate: Jeff Bingaman: Explore New Mexico: Navajo Code Talkers
The United States military adopted the Navajo language to aid in their top secret communications amongst each other during World War II. In 2001, the first twenty-nine Navajo Code Talkers were awarded Gold Medals of Honor by President...
Other
Federal Indian Policy: Bureaucrats or Bullets?
The making of federal Indian policy in the United States during the 19th century was marked by disagreement among all parties. The areas of disagreement that stood out most were (1) What is the legal/constitutional status of Indians and...
PBS
Pbs the West: Fight No More Forever (1874 1877)
From the PBS critically acclaimed series, "The West" comes this introduction to the Indian Wars that were waged in the course of settling the frontier.
Varsity Tutors
Varsity Tutors: Archiving Early America: Chief Joseph Brant: Mohawk, Loyalist, and Freemason
Biography of Chief Joseph Brant, "the powerful and influential Mohawk chief who sided with the British during the American Revolutionary War."
National Humanities Center
National Humanities Center: Toolbox Library: The Gilded and the Gritty: America, 1870 1912
Ninety-four primary sources-historical documents, literary texts, and visual images-that explore the challenges, opportunity, and turmoil of late-nineteenth-century America. They examine the economic expansion in an America re-united...
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: The Battle of Saratoga
The weeks leading up to the Battle of Saratoga were filled with disaster for the British troops. Read about the problems General Burgoyne had, and find out how the Americans took advantage of those problems to deliver a stunning defeat...
Other
Texas Beyond History: Texas and the Western Frontier
Read about the expansion of the frontier in and around Texas during the middle of the nineteenth century as the Civil War was coming to an end.
Blackdog Media
Classic Reader: "A Native Author Called Roe" by Edward Payson Roe
Text of an autobiographical short story called "A Native Author Called Roe" written by Edward Payson Roe. (Free site registration offers some additional features, e.g., the ability to insert annotations.)
Other
Rogers' Rangers: French and Indian War
Native of New Hampshire, Robert Rogers formed one of the most renowned rangers organizations in American history. Uncover the company's story and tactics during the French and Indian War.
Digital History
Digital History: Introduction: Tecumseh and the Shawnee Prophet
Discussion of the breakdown in Indian society in the late 18th century focusing on famed Shawnee war chief Tecumseh.
Curated OER
Etc: The Colonies During the Revolutionary War, 1775 1783
A map of the Thirteen Colonies during the American Revolution. The map shows the territorial claims west of the Allegheny Mountains, and includes inset maps detailing the vicinity of Philadelphia, the vicinity of Boston, and the vicinity...
My Hero Project
My Hero: Chief Joseph
This brief student-written article on Chief Joseph and his efforts to maintain peace between his people and the white settlers includes several links to further information and books for further reading and research.
PBS
Pbs: Archives of the West: Selections From "With the Nez Perces"
Contains selections from "With the Nez Perces: Alice Fletcher in the Field, 1889-92" by E. Jane Gay, which provided an anthropological look at the Nez Perce Indians and their bewilderment at the Dawes Act.
Oklahoma State University
Oklahoma Historical Society: General Douglas H. Cooper, c.s.a. [Pdf]
A scholarly biography of a Confederate General who fought against the Union in the area of Texas and utilized the various Indian nations to help in his cause.
Teacher Oz
Teacher Oz: History of the Lone Star State Texas
A huge collection of links to resources about the history of Texas. As this is an older web page, some of the links no longer work. Topics covered include primary resources, timelines, history sites, flags, maps, landmarks, monuments,...
Library of Congress
Loc: Continental Congress and the Constitutional Convention
This site provides a collection of material regarding the work of the Continental Congress and the Constitutional Convention. Content includes a focus on how the Revolutionary War was organized, fanning the flames of patriotism,...
Other
Milwaukee Public Museum: Indian Country: Menominee History
Scroll down this site to the section on "Wars of the Midwest" to read about the Menominee tribe's alliance with the British and involvement in Tecumseh's pan-Indian alliance.
Library of Congress
Loc: Teachers: Journeys West
A series of lessons utilizing primary texts, including narratives, photographs, and maps, through which students explore the following question: "What motivated thousands of people to journey west during the 1800s?"
Houghton Mifflin Harcourt
Harcourt: Biographies
A fantastic resource where you can find biographies of historical figures. You can search by the person's name or by topics, such as Presidents, United States Leaders, Scientists, Inventors, Humanitarians, Explorers and Pioneers,...
Other
Colorado Historical Society: Kit Carson: A Hero in Fact and Fiction [Pdf]
A short biography of the legend of the West, Kit Carson. PDF (requires Adobe Reader).
CommonLit
Common Lit: From Resistance to Reservations
A learning module that begins with "From Resistance to Reservations" USHistory.com, accompanied by guided reading questions, assessment questions, and discussion questions. The text can be printed as a PDF or assigned online through free...
PBS
The West: Documents on the Sand Creek Massacre
Contains the text of documents on the Sand Creek Massacre, including two editorials from the Rocky Mountain News, Congressional testimony by John S. Smith, and a deposition by John M. Chivington
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: The Wounded Knee Massacre
Read about the phenomenon of the Ghost Dance that was causing a religious reawakening with Native Americans in the 1880s. See how this caused the travesty at Wounded Knee Creek where the U.S. Army attacked peaceful Sioux who were trying...
Arizona State University
Jaie: An Anti Poverty Exploration Project
The Journal of American Indian Education provides this 1965 article describes a part of the Johnson's War on Poverty program that was planned to improve conditions for non-reservation Indian communities.